The report examines the challenges and risks faced by the largest youth generation in history that impact directly on their physical, emotional and mental well-being. Gender discrimination, the lack of health and education services, changing family structures, the impact of urbanisation, migration and armed conflict are some of the challenges that are addressed. The report emphasises the importance of increasing the knowledge, opportunities, and choices available for young people which will ultimately allow them to lead healthy and productive lives. It concludes that investing in the adolescents’ health and rights will yield large benefits for generations to come and pave the way for social and economic progress. This idea is supported with examples for comprehensive strategies and programmes for adolescents.